Central Equatoria State, known for its bountiful natural forests and diverse ecosystems, is facing an alarming crisis that threatens its natural habitat. Yei and Morobo Counties, which lie within this plush expanse, are witnessing the rapid and unsustainable cutting of trees, resulting in a devastating loss of biodiversity, disruption in ecosystems, and grave consequences for the local communities. 

Forests are the lungs of our planet, playing a central role in carbon sequestration, regulating climate, and maintaining biodiversity. The Yei and Morobo natural forests, once teeming with life, are now facing an unprecedented threat from rampant deforestation. These forests have provided a home to countless plant and animal species, acted as crucial watersheds, and supported the livelihoods of local communities for generations.

The causes of deforestation in Yei and Morobo Counties are manifold. Unregulated logging and the demand for fuelwood are among the primary drivers of this environmental misfortune. As trees are felled indiscriminately, the delicate balance of the ecosystem is disrupted, leading to soil erosion, loss of habitat, and a decrease in the availability of clean water, and the release of stored carbon into the atmosphere exacerbates climate change impacts and also a reversal of environmental pollution.

The consequences of deforestation extend far beyond ecological concerns. Hence threatens the sustainability future of our generations. Local communities that have relied on these forests for sustenance, livelihoods, and cultural practices are facing the brunt of the crisis. With dwindling resources, communities are forced to travel farther for firewood, resulting in increased hardships and diminished quality of life. Traditional knowledge and practices rooted in the forests' bounty are at risk of being lost forever.

The exploitation of the natural resources in Yei and Morobo counties is not affecting humans alone, but our ecosystem that is now under threat due to the illegal logging of the trees and unwillingness to cooperate with the local population in the management of the forest that allows monitoring, control and regulation for sustainable future use. According to the Ministry of Forestry and Environment Policy of South Sudan 2015, 3% of the forests and woodlands of South Sudan are being destroyed every year.

In the heart of Morobo County, a dark and hidden reality is unravelling. The rampant felling of trees to produce charcoal is backed by some army commanders. This disturbing practice not only threatens the delicate ecological balance of the county but also raises concerns about the unchecked power wielded by those in authority.  Disturbingly, evidence suggests that army commanders are deeply entrenched in this illicit trade, using their influence to exploit the county's natural resources for personal gain. This unholy alliance between those entrusted with protecting the nation and the destruction of its environment poses an imminent threat to the county's ecological integrity. With Uganda banning charcoal production, the greedy army commanders now resort to exporting charcoal through black market deals to the neighbouring country.

The consequences of widespread tree-cutting for charcoal are far-reaching and profound. Morobo County, once characterized by its green forests, will be detracted by barren landscapes and eroded soil. Deforestation leads to loss of habitat, disruption of water cycles, and increased vulnerability to landslides. As trees are removed, carbon stored within them is released into the atmosphere, contributing to global climate change. The fragile ecosystem that supports diverse flora and fauna is irreparably damaged, pushing species to the brink of extinction.

Local communities that heavily rely on the forests for sustenance and livelihoods bear the brunt of this ecological tragedy. Disrupted ecosystems mean decreased access to clean water, diminished agricultural productivity, and reduced biodiversity, all factors that erode the foundation of rural life. The unchecked activities of army commanders not only threaten the environment but also perpetuate socio-economic inequality and hinder the progress of vulnerable communities.

Recognizing the urgent need to address the environmental crisis caused by deforestation for charcoal production, the Central Equatoria State and National Governments should take bold step forward, should introduce a comprehensive strategy that aims at protecting the precious ecosystem and putting an end to the destructive practice.

The State   Government should develop a strategy that showcases its commitment to safeguarding the environment. The governments should aim to tackle the root causes of deforestation while ensuring the well-being of local communities that are directly impacted by these changes. 

At the core of the strategy should be the promotion of sustainable alternatives to charcoal production. The Central Equatoria State government should partner with NGOs, community organizations, and renewable energy initiatives to introduce efficient cooking stoves, solar energy solutions, and other innovative technologies. These initiatives not only reduce the demand for charcoal but also offer cleaner and more affordable energy options.

The State government should strengthen the legal frameworks against illegal logging and unsustainable land-use practices to preserve our natural habitats. Establish mechanisms to monitor and penalize those who contribute to deforestation. To effectively curb the illegal cutting of trees for charcoal and timber, the government should bolster regulations surrounding forest management and logging activities. Strick enforcement mechanisms should be put in place to ensure that anyone who engages in unauthorised charcoal, timbers and woods production faces the consequences. By cracking down on illegal practices, the government will deter individuals and groups from continuing these activities for the benefit of forest restoration and reforestation.

Involve local communities in conservation efforts by empowering them to become stewards of the forests. Recognize their traditional knowledge and integrate it into sustainable forest management plans. Local communities should be empowered to take ownership of environmental conservation and forest production. The government should engage with community leaders, environmental activists, and youth groups to raise awareness about the importance of preserving natural forests. By involving the people who are directly affected by deforestation, the government hopes to create a sense of collective responsibility and stewardship.

The charcoal crisis orchestrated by army commanders in Morobo County is a grave concern that calls for immediate action. Protecting the county's forests is not only a matter of safeguarding the environment but also of upholding the rights and livelihoods of its people. It's a call to challenge the culture of impunity and to demand accountability from those who wield power. By joining forces to combat this crisis, we can pave the way for a more sustainable future one where the well-being of our planet and its inhabitants takes precedence over short-term gains.

The deforestation crisis in Yei and Morobo, Counties of Central Equatoria, requires immediate attention and concerted efforts from all stakeholders. Preserving the natural heritage of these counties is not only a matter of environmental protection but also a commitment to the well-being of present and future generations. By addressing the root causes, implementing sustainable solutions, and engaging local communities, we can begin to heal the wounds inflicted upon the forests and ensure that Central Equatoria's green heart continues to beat with vitality and life.

The author, James Bilal, is passionate about defending Human Rights and is a researcher. He is currently working as the Coordinator of South Sudan Human Rights Defenders Network –SSHRDN. He can be reached via email at goodbidal@gmail.com

The views expressed in ‘opinion’ articles published by Radio Tamazuj are solely those of the writer. The veracity of any claims made is the responsibility of the author, not Radio Tamazuj.